Diode, transistor, inductor knowledge popularization

I. Diode

A diode is a semiconductor device that is one of the most common devices in electronics. It is composed of P-type semiconductors and N-type semiconductors and has unidirectional conductivity, that is, it can only be switched on under forward voltage and cut off under reverse voltage. There are many types of diodes, including ordinary diodes, BQ24040DSQR Schottky diodes, light-emitting diodes, etc.

1. Ordinary diode

Common diodes, also known as rectifier diodes, are one of the most common diodes. Its main function is to convert alternating current into direct current, but also can be used for signal detection, voltage stability and other aspects. Under normal circumstances, the forward working voltage of the ordinary diode is 0.6-0.7V, and the reverse breakdown voltage is about 50-100V.

2. Schottky diode

A Schottky diode is a special diode that consists of a piece of N-type semiconductor and a piece of metal. Schottky diode has the characteristics of low forward voltage drop and fast recovery speed, and is often used in high frequency circuit, high speed switch and so on.

3. Light-emitting diodes

Light-emitting diode is a device that can convert electrical energy into light energy, which is often used in indicators, digital tubes, display screens and so on. Light-emitting diodes work similarly to ordinary diodes, but their structure and materials are different. The color and brightness of leds depend on their semiconductor material and doping type.

Ⅱ, Triode

The transistor, also known as the crystal transistor, is a semiconductor device composed of three regions of the transistor, namely, the emission region, the base region and the collector region. The transistor has many functions, such as amplification, switching, voltage regulation, etc., and is widely used in various electronic devices.

1. Amplification

The amplification of the transistor is one of its most important functions, by controlling the base current, the collector current can be amplified tens of times or even hundreds of times. The magnification of the triode depends on its working state, load resistance and other factors.

2. Switch function

The switching function of the transistor is to convert the input signal into the output signal, which is often used in low-frequency switching circuits and timers. In the switching state, the collector current of the triode can reach hundreds of mA or even a few amps, so the triode is also called "electronic switch".

3. Pressure stabilizing effect

The transistor can also be used as a voltage regulator to control the collector current through the base voltage, so as to achieve stable control of the output voltage. The triode voltage regulator has the advantages of simple, reliable and low cost, and is often used in the power supply circuit of various electronic devices.

Ⅲ, Inductors

An inductor is a device capable of storing electromagnetic energy, consisting of a coil and a magnetic core. The main function of inductor is filtering, voltage regulation, voltage change, regulating signal, etc., which is often used in various electronic equipment.

1. Filtering function

The inductor can filter the current through its impedance characteristics, and filter out unwanted signals such as high-frequency noise and clutter, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the system. The filter function of inductors is often used in various power supplies, amplifiers, filters and other circuits.

2. Pressure stabilizing effect

The inductor can also be used as a regulator to control voltage fluctuations in the circuit through its inductance characteristics, so as to achieve stable control of the output voltage. Inductor regulators are often used in various high-precision circuits, RF circuits and other fields.

3. Transformer effect

The inductor can convert the input voltage into the output voltage by changing the number of turns of the coil and the magnetic core material. The transformer action of inductors is often used in various power supplies, amplifiers, frequency converters and other circuits.

In short, diodes, audions, inductors are one of the most basic and commonly used devices in electronics, and it is very important for electronics engineers and electronics enthusiasts to master the principles and applications of these devices